Cadzow Filter

Description Performs matrix-rank reduction on constant-frequency slices for the purpose of random noise suppression
Module(s) Image Gather Processes
Requirements Volume
Related
Works with Gathers


DUG’s Cadzow filtering algorithm is based on the work of Cadzow (1988) and Trickett (2002). It performs matrix-rank reduction on constant-frequency slices for the purpose of random noise suppression. It is a variant of eigenimage filtering which has been extended to a higher number of dimensions.

Rank-reduction noise suppression techniques are used in many fields and have many names, including principal component analysis (PCA) and truncated singular-value decomposition (SVD). The simple reason that rank-reduction methods are useful is that coherent energy will reside in just the first few principal components (or eigenimages) while random noise will be more evenly spread over all eigenimages.

One of the advantages of the Cadzow approach is that it can be applied simultaneously in any number of spatial dimensions. DUG’s implementation can be used in up to four dimensions (time plus up to three spatial dimensions). Application in multi-dimensional space improves the algorithm’s ability to discriminate between coherent energy and noise.

The algorithm works equally well on flat or dipping events, and is exact for noiseless data having a restricted number of dips.

  1. In the Control Panel, open the Process tab.
  2. At the tab header, click the Add icon and select New Process.
  3. Scroll down and double-click on Cadzow Filter.
  4. Type a name for the process and click OK.

Configuring Cadzow Filter

Smooth a 2D/3D volume
  1. Input Volume: Select the input volume.
  2. Window sizes: determines the distance over which filtering occurs.      
  3. Filtering rank: Each filtering window will be rank-reduced to this degree. A larger rank should be used for noisier data, or data containing a larger number of discrete dips.
  4. Output noise model instead of de-noised traces: Click to output noise model.

References:

Cadzow, J. A., 1988, Signal Enhancement - A Composite Property Mapping Algorithm: IEEE Trans. On Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 36, 49-62. Trickett, S., 2002. F-x eigenimage noise suppression. 72nd Annual International Meeting, SEG, Expanded Abstracts, 2166-2169.;