Processes in Insight

Angle Gathers G: Convert offset gathers to the angle domain.

Angle Mute G V: Create an angle mute for use in muting processes.

Angle Stacks G: Create one or more angle stacks from gathers using a velocity volume.

Mute Gathers G: Apply user-defined mutes (angle, offset, hand-drawn) to gathers.

Create Gathers S 2D: Construct gathers from multiple 2D or 3D volumes.

Normal Moveout Correction G: Apply or remove NMO correction to gathers.

Dip Filter G: Filter linear dipping events by slope (ms/trace).

F-K Transform G: Transform gathers to / from the F-K domain.

F-X Transform G: Transform gathers to / from the F-X domain.

Polygon Mute G: Apply polygon-defined mutes to gathers.

Stacking G: Create 2D and 3D volumes from gathers by stacking individual traces.

RMO Correction G: Apply RMO or trim statics corrections to a volume.

Frequency-Domain Radon G: Perform a forward or reverse linear, parabolic or hyperbolic radon transform on gathers (or perform radon demultiple).

Deconvolution G: Apply deconvolution to a volume over specified windows.

FX Deconvolution G: Apply random noise attenuation via spatial predictive deconvolution in the complex frequency domain.

Despike G: Detect spikes and clean up or mark affected traces

Trim Statics G: Flatten gathers (stretch/squeeze) guided by correlation

Local Trace Alignment G: Flatten gathers at one window using shifts

Hi-Res Radon Transform G: Perform an optimised forward or reverse linear, parabolic or hyperbolic radon transform on gathers (or perform radon demultiple)

Cadzow Filter G: Performs matrix-rank reduction on constant-frequency slices for the purpose of random noise suppression.

Header and Trace Interpolation G: Fill in missing traces and/or interpolate shots, channels, image gathers, inlines or crosslines onto a new increment.

Linear Noise Removal (LNR) G: Removes linear energy from records.

True-Amplitude Frequency Equalisation (TAFE) G: Control boost with user-defined frequency/gain pairs.

Plane Wave Dip Filter G: Computes an optimised, local dip filter (pass or reject) and applies it as a multiplicative mask to the transformed data in the frequency-wavenumber domain.

Composite QC  G V S 2D: Generates QC images of the specified input volumes at one or more predefined surface locations.

Partial Binning/Stacking  G: Produce a gather volume with records formed by binning traces to a header sequence and stacking them, optionally adjusting for NMO and statics.

Tau-P Mute  G: Performs muting in the tau-p or tau-px-py domain.

Time-Frequency Denoise (TFDN)  G: Suppress anomalous noise from traces when compared with the surrounding windowed traces.

Wavelet Transform  G: Transform data into and out of various wavelet domains.

Posting Convention Conversion  G: Converts data between top posted and bottom or centre posted conventions

Linear Moveout Correction (LMO)  G: Apply or remove a linear moveout correction to gathers, using a constant velocity.

Volume Swap  G: Switch a previously computed result to another external volume on the same survey.

Dip Azimuth G S: Calculate dip angle and azimuth of maximum dip from a dip field.

Dip Field G S 2D: Calculate dip by analysing coherent features in seismic data.

Curvature G S: Calculate volumetric curvature from a dip field to highlight structural discontinuities (e.g. from faults).

Incoherence G S 2D: Measure waveform dissimilarity between nearby traces to highlight discontinuities from faults and other stratigraphic changes.

Edges G S 2D: Highlight changes in movement and direction of a dip field using a Sobel operator.

Flattener G S 2D: Create stratigraphically flattened (iso-proportional) domains based on horizons and times.

Correlation (Similarity) S 2D: Measure waveform similarity between nearby traces to highlight discontinuities from faults and other stratigraphic changes.

Semblance (Similarity) S: Measure similarity in waveform and energy between nearby traces to highlight discontinuities from faults and other stratigraphic changes.

Semblance (Velocity) G: Create semblance velocity spectra gathers for a range of velocities.

Directional Correlation (Similarity) S: Analyze waveform similarity along a specified azimuth to highlight directional features (faults following a structural trend, channelized stratigraphic features).

Simple Structured Model  S V: Constructs a layered model using the structure defined in a Window model.

Trace Chooser G S 2D: Include or exclude traces from a volume using one or more header-based constraints.

Trace Mix G: Combine samples from neighbouring traces, according to a user-defined weighting function.

Trace Padding G S 2D: Pad the top and/or bottom of traces using zeros, mirroring or simple extrapolation.

Trace Shift G S 2D: Apply a shift to each trace according to a header value or a constant.

Autocorrelation G S 2D: Correlate a volume with itself.

Cross Correlation G S 2D: Cross-correlate a volume with another volume, trace, or wavelet.

Header Maths G S 2D: Set trace header values using arbitrary calculations.

Reassign Geometry Headers G S 2D: Recalculate 2D and 3D geometry headers from headers and surveys.

Reassign Scaling Headers G S 2D: Set scaling trace headers (SCALCO/SCALEL) and optionally update related stored values (e.g. SCALCO -> SX/SY).

Header and Trace Interpolation  G: Fill in missing traces and/or interpolate shots, channels, image gathers, inlines or crosslines onto a new increment.

Despike  G: Detect spikes and clean up or mark affected traces.

Header Sequence Builder  G: Write to headers for all traces in the record, based on a statistic or otherproperty of the entire record.

Local Trace Alignment  G: Flatten gathers at one window using shifts.

Delta Model V: Build a layered delta model from well curves and a velocity model.

LF Model (Simple Kriging): Construct blocky layered models from well data using simple kriging.

LF Model (End Member Trends): Construct layered P-Impedance, S-Impedance, Density and optionally Vp/Vs models from lithology trends.

LF Model (Ghost Horizon): Construct detailed layered models from well data using inverse distance weighting.

Constrained Simultaneous Inversion (Absolute)  S 2D: Inverts for absolute P-Impedance, S-Impedance and Density from seismic stacks.

Constrained Simultaneous Inversion (Relative)  S 2D: Inverts for relative P-Impedance, S-Impedance and Density from seismic stacks.

Match  S 2D G V: Fine-tune noise model before subtracted from the seismic data.

Model Builder  V: Build a model volume from a layer model and data at discrete locations (wells and/or tables).

Create Synthetics from Model  S: Create a synthetic volume from elastic model volumes.

PP: Density Volume V: Calculate a density volume from velocities (for pore pressure prediction).

PP: Eaton Pressure V: Calculate pressure (in psi) and pressure gradient (in ppg) using Eaton's equation.

PP: Miller (No Unloading) Pressure V: Calculate pressure (in psi) and pressure gradient (in ppg) using Miller's equation (without unloading).

Body Detection S 2D: Identify contiguous regions of a volume matching a specified amplitude threshold.

Lithofluid Probability S 2D: Calculate lithology and fluid probabilities and perform classification using statistical rock physics models.

Spectral Decomposition S 2D: Decompose seismic data into user specified frequencies using a continuous wavelet transform.

Instantaneous Attributes G S 2D: Calculate instantaneous attributes for a seismic volume: envelope, instantaneous frequency, instantaneous phase, and sweetness.

Attribute Maps  S 2D G: Create attributes maps by retrieving from the header or calculated from the samples.

Attribute Maps Stack  2D Gathers only: Configure and show a stacked view of 2D Attribute Map volumes.

Pick Multiple Horizons G S: Automatically pick multiple horizons from seismic volumes.

Picked Function Model G: Construct a volume by smoothly interpolating picked gather functions.

Gain G S 2D: Apply data dependent (AGC) and data independent gains to a volume.

Automatic Gain (AGC) G S 2D: Apply data-dependent scaling to a volume.

Phase Rotation G S 2D: Apply a phase rotation to a volume.

Band-Pass Filter G S 2D: Apply high-pass, low-pass or band-pass frequency filters to an input volume.

Volume Integration G S 2D: Integrate data using a running sum or Simpson's rule algorithm.

Volume Smoothing G S 2D: Smooth data with optionally increasing weights.

Q Filter G S: Apply or remove Q compensation to correct for dispersion and attenuation.

Convolution: Convolve a volume with another volume, trace, or wavelet.

Structurally-Oriented Filter G S 2D: Remove noise by applying a dip-field based, structurally aware filter.

Spectral Shaping  G S 2D V: Adjust amplitudes in the frequency domain using frequency/gain pairs.

K Filter  G: Apply spatial anti-aliasing filter to volume before downsampling.

Zero Phase  G S 2D V: Zeros the phase of all frequencies in the time domain.

AVA Stack Rotation S 2D: Project seismic stacks onto arbitrary angles to enhance or suppress different AVA responses.

AVO Polynomial Fit G: Fit a polynomial to amplitudes extracted along a horizon.

EEI  S: Computes Extended Elastic Impedance (EEI) volumes from a set of angle stacks.

Intercept and Gradient G S 2D: Calculate intercept and gradient from stacks or gathers.

Velocity Conversion V: Safely resample velocity models and convert between formats.

Velocity No-Decrease V: Process a velocity volume to remove decreasing values as time/depth increases.

Velocity Re-Datum V: Re-datum and shift velocity models.

Velocity Model (From Well Checkshots) V: Create layered velocity models from well time-depth data.

Q Conversion  Q: Converts between "effective Q" and "interval Q".

Q Estimation  G S 2D V: Estimates the effective Q from seismic traces.

V0 from Delta and Isotropic Depth Mig Velocities  V D: Calculates the vertical interval velocity in depth (V0) from an interval delta model and an isotropic depth migration velocity model.

Velocity No-Decrease  V S 2D: Process a velocity volume to remove decreasing values as time/depth increases.

Anisotropic Model Conversion  V G: Convert between any combination of the interval quantities.

Depth Errors  V: Analyse depth errors between well markers and layer-model horizons.

Velocity Calibration  V: Corrects a velocity model so that well markers tie their corresponding layer-model horizons.

Volume Combine S 2D: Combine multiple 2D or 3D volumes into a single 3D volume.

Volume Derivative G S 2D V: Calculates the first or second derivative of a trace using the finite difference method.

Volume Maths G S 2D: Perform complex, arbitrary calculations using volumes and horizons.

Volume Maths (Simple) G S 2D: Perform arithmetic operations using one or two volumes at high speed.

Volume Merge S 2D: Vertically merge two volumes at a boundary defined by a horizon or constant.

Volume Resampling G S 2D: Resample volumes temporally, adjust sample rates, perform time-depth conversion and extents (for 3D).

Volume Sculpting G S 2D: Constrain a volume to a region and/or time window using polygons, horizons and constants.

Volume Interpolation/Extrapolation  S 2D: Interpolate/extrapolate volumes to fill a 3D region.

NaN Removal G S 2D: Replace NaN (missing or invalid values) with constants or simple interpolation.

Simple Mute G S 2D: Mute traces using a header value or constant.

Detect Mute  G V S 2D: Detects muted regions at the start and end of each trace, and saves this information in the MUTS/MUTE headers.

Restore Mute  G V S 2D: Restores a mute saved in the MUTS and MUTE headers.

Volume CRS Conversion  G V S 2D: Converts XY coordinate and derived trace headers between two Coordinate Reference.

Frequency Split  G V S 2D: Splits an input volume into N output volumes.